Steps in project definition. Cost and time estimates for projects. Process of developing a project plan. Activity on node analysis. Practical issues in project planning.

 Project definition:

1. Identify the project objective, scope, and deliverables
2. Identify stakeholders and project team members
3. Develop a project charter and gain approval from stakeholders
4. Conduct a feasibility study to determine the project's viability
5. Define project requirements and constraints
6. Develop a high-level project plan, including timelines and budgets

Cost and time estimates for projects:

1. Identify project activities and their associated costs and time requirements
2. Estimate resource requirements and costs, including personnel, equipment, materials, and overhead
3. Develop a project budget and schedule based on the estimated costs and time requirements
4. Review and validate the estimates with stakeholders and project team members
5. Update the estimates throughout the project lifecycle as necessary

Process of developing a project plan:

1. Define project objectives and scope
2. Identify project deliverables and milestones
3. Break down the project into smaller tasks and activities
4. Sequence the tasks and activities in a logical order
5. Estimate the time and resources required for each task and activity
6. Assign tasks and responsibilities to project team members
7. Develop a project schedule and budget
8. Review and refine the plan with stakeholders and project team members

Activity on node analysis: Activity on node (AON) is a project management technique that involves representing project tasks and their dependencies as nodes on a network diagram. The AON diagram shows the critical path, which is the sequence of tasks that must be completed on time for the project to be completed on schedule. AON analysis helps project managers identify potential bottlenecks and delays in the project schedule and make informed decisions to mitigate risks.

Practical issues in project planning:

1. Managing project scope and changes
2. Identifying and managing project risks
3. Ensuring adequate resources are available for the project
4. Balancing project time, cost, and quality constraints
5. Communicating with stakeholders and project team members effectively
6. Managing project documentation and reporting
7. Ensuring compliance with regulations and standards
8. Addressing ethical considerations and social responsibility.